XPS is a very versatile method that has found extensive use in numerous application areas, from aerospace materials to contact lenses. XPS is unique in that it can quantify the chemical and elemental ...

Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are typically produced through crystallization. In this process, an organic molecule can take on multiple crystalline forms. Solid-state characteristics, ...

Definition:Raman Spectroscopy is a sophisticated analytical technique used to observe vibrational, rotational, and other low-frequency modes in a system. This material characterization technique ...

Fluorescence spectroscopy has great sensitivity, allowing scientists to detect signals from single molecules. But it has limited chemical specificity, making it hard sometimes for researchers to ...

During light scattering, the majority of scattered light undergoes no change in frequency (or energy), in a process referred to as referred to as elastic or Rayleigh scattering. Raman spectroscopy ...