In the electrodeposition of metals, a widely used industrial technique, bubbles of gas generated near the cathode can adversely affect the quality of the metal coating. Here we use phase-contrast ...

The defective coating analyzed in the example presented here was sourced from a car door that had been manufactured from ultra-low-carbon, titanium-stabilized steel. The coating is peeling off (Figure ...

The growing demand for Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, driven by applications such as electric vehicles and long-duration energy storage, has increased the pressure on battery manufacturers to enhance ...